Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link. Section Navigation. Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Syndicate. Immunization: The Basics. In cases where immunity has begun to wane, revaccination or booster shots may be needed. Tetanus is one such example. Vaccination, immunization, and inoculation are all essentially a part of the same process: to keep you safe from diseases that might otherwise cause you harm.
Whether administered by injection, nasal spray, or orally, vaccines afford protections that almost always outweigh the potential risks. If you are unsure whether you need a vaccine or if a vaccine is appropriate for you , speak with your healthcare provider or a qualified medical professional.
There are many different kinds of vaccines that include live-attenuated vaccines; inactivated vaccines; subunit, recombinant, polysaccharide, and conjugate vaccines; toxoid vaccines; mRNA vaccines; and viral vector vaccines. Depending on the type, the vaccine may use a weakened version of the germ that causes disease, a dead version of the germ, parts of the germ, a toxin that harms the germ, or genetic material to develop an immune response.
Herd immunity helps keep entire communities safer from disease outbreaks because enough people are vaccinated and less likely to catch and spread the disease. Vaccines get FDA approval by undergoing a rigorous research, development, testing, and approval process. After research determines that the vaccine is necessary and can be tested, it starts in a lab with animal testing before human testing can begin.
There are at least three phases of human testing for effectiveness and safety before a vaccine can move on to an approval process. Even after approval, vaccines are still monitored closely by the FDA.
Get our printable guide for your next doctor's appointment to help you ask the right questions. Sign up for our Health Tip of the Day newsletter, and receive daily tips that will help you live your healthiest life. World Health Organization. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Immunization: the basics. Updated May 16, Boylston A. The origins of inoculation. J R Soc Med. Greenwood B. The contribution of vaccination to global health: past, present and future. Vaccine herd effect. Scand J Infect Dis. Eradication of measles: remaining challenges. Med Microbiol Immunol. It will attack the germ if it ever invades again. This "memory" protects you against the disease that the germ causes.
This type of protection is called immunity. What are immunization and vaccination? Why are vaccines important? What is community immunity? Are vaccines safe? What is a vaccine schedule? Start Here. Diagnosis and Tests. Related Issues. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
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