According to the Nazis, expelling the Jews was the solution to the problems in Germany. This political message and the promise to make Germany economically strong again won Hitler the elections in After he had come to power, the laws and measures against the Jews increased all the time.
It ended in the Shoah, the Holocaust, the murder of six million European Jews. Antisemitism Hitler did not invent the hatred of Jews. More about Hitler's antisemitism. Are all Jews Zionists? Is all criticism of Israel antisemitic? Is antisemitism a form of racism? In a conquered and racially cleansed Russia, they would work on model farms and factories connected to the homeland by new highways, called autobahns.
Hitler was the ideologue as well as the chief organizer of the Nazi Party. By , the party had a newspaper, an official flag, and a private army—the Sturmabteilung SA storm troopers —made up largely of unemployed and disenchanted WWI veterans. By , the SA had grown to 15, men and had access to hidden stores of weapons. The regular army crushed the rebellion and Hitler spent a year in prison—in loose confinement.
The book brought together, in inflamed language, the racialist and expansionist ideas he had been propagating in his popular beer-hall harangues. Image: Bundesarchiv, Bild S Adolf Hitler giving the Nazi salute at a rally in Nuremburg in By , the Nazis were the largest political party in the Reichstag.
In January of the following year, with no other leader able to command sufficient support to govern, President Paul von Hindenburg appointed Hitler chancellor of Germany.
Shortly thereafter, a fire broke out in the Reichstag building in Berlin, and authorities arrested a young Dutch communist who confessed to starting it. Hitler used this episode to convince President Hindenburg to declare an emergency decree suspending many civil liberties throughout Germany, including freedom of the press, freedom of expression, and the right to hold public assemblies.
He expanded the army tremendously, reintroduced conscription, and began developing a new air force—all violations of the Treaty of Versailles. His regime also suppressed the Communist Party and purged his own paramilitary storm troopers, whose violent street demonstrations alienated the German middle class.
In , Hitler began his long-promised expansion of national boundaries to incorporate ethnic Germans. The Czechs looked to Great Britain and France for help, but hoping to avoid war—they had been bled white in World War I—these nations chose a policy of appeasement. The following year, the German army swallowed up the remainder of Czechoslovakia.
I believe it is peace for our time. After being released from prison, Hitler vowed to work within the parliamentary system to avoid a repeat of the Beer Hall Putsch setback.
In the s, however, the Nazi Party was still a fringe group of ultraextremists with little political power. It received only 2. But the worldwide economic depression and the rising power of labor unions and communists convinced increasing numbers of Germans to turn to the Nazi Party.
The Nazis fed on bank failures and unemployment—proof, Hitler said, of the ineffectiveness of democratic government. Hitler pledged to restore prosperity, create civil order by crushing industrial strikes and street demonstrations by communists and socialists , eliminate the influence of Jewish financiers, and make the fatherland once again a world power.
As an adult, Janine Simone Hopkins was encouraged by her family to record her experiences and reflections of her life in Paris during the German occupation.
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