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Get the BabyCentre app. Brazil Canada Germany India. Connect with us. This Internet site provides information of a general nature and is designed for educational purposes only. If you have any concerns about your own health or the health of your child, you should always consult with a doctor or other healthcare professional.
Please review the Terms of Use before using this site. Your use of the site indicates your agreement to be bound by the Terms of Use. This site is published by BabyCenter, L. The BabyCentre Bulletin Get the latest parenting news, plus expert advice and real-world wisdom. Before babies are born, doctors check their growth by measuring the mother's belly from the top of the pubic bone to the top of the uterus.
This is called the uterine fundal height. They also can do a prenatal ultrasound , which is how IUGR often is diagnosed. A technician coats the woman's belly with a gel and then moves a probe wand-like instrument over it.
High-frequency sound waves create pictures of the baby on a computer screen. These pictures help doctors estimate the baby's size and weight. These estimates aren't exact, but they do help health care providers track the baby's growth and see if there's a problem. Ultrasounds also can help find other issues, such as problems with the placenta or a low level of amniotic fluid the fluid surrounding the fetus. You will hear your baby's heart beat as it is recorded. Your doctor can look at the heartbeat recording and see if your baby's heartbeat is normal.
You might also have an amniocentesis. A needle is put through your stomach area into your uterus. A few teaspoons of amniotic fluid are withdrawn in the needle. The fluid is tested to see if it shows the cause of the IUGR. The amniotic fluid might show genetic problems or infection. Maybe not. The time of delivery depends on how well your baby is doing. Sometimes, babies with IUGR keep on growing in the uterus.
If your baby keeps gaining some weight, an early delivery before the due date may not be needed. But if your baby is not growing at all or has other problems, your doctor may decide that an early delivery could help. In this case, your doctor may want to induce labor. Your baby's heart rate and movements will be closely watched to help you and your doctor make this decision. If there are no signs of problems with your baby during labor, a vaginal delivery is OK. Some babies with IUGR are weak.
The stress of labor and delivery may be too much for a weak baby. If your baby has problems during labor, a cesarean section also called a C section may be safer. Generally, no. IUGR usually doesn't occur in another pregnancy. But in some women, it does happen again.
Good control of illnesses before and during pregnancy lowers the risk of having another baby with IUGR. Probably, especially if your baby was born early. Babies who are small at birth need to stay in the hospital until they can breathe and feed normally.
After your baby is born, the doctor will check your baby's weight to make sure the baby is growing. Generally, babies stay in the hospital until they weigh about 5 pounds.
Your baby will probably catch up in size and have a normal height by about two years of age. Any baby who is smaller than normal can be diagnosed with the condition. Babies can have symmetrical FGR, in which their head and body are similarly small, or asymmetrical FGR, in which the head and brain are normal sized, but the rest of the body is small.
One common cause of FGR is a problem with the placenta. Other babies with FGR have conditions like chromosomal abnormalities or heart defects , which can limit their growth. Diseases such as high blood pressure and heart disease may cause FGR, as can infections like rubella, cytomegalovirus, syphilis or toxoplasmosis.
Not all smaller-than-normal babies have FGR, however. There are rarely any obvious signs that a baby isn't growing as he should be. And no — carrying small is not a symptom of FGR. FGR occurs in an estimated 3 to 7 percent of newborns, according to some statistics. While some babies are smaller at birth, only about one-third of them have FGR. FGR is usually detected during a routine prenatal exam in the second half of pregnancy, when your practitioner measures your fundal height and finds that it's too small for baby's gestational age.
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