Latitude Horizontal mapping lines on Earth are lines of latitude. They are known as "parallels" of latitude, because they run parallel to the equator. One simple way to visualize this might be to think about having imaginary horizontal "hula hoops" around the earth, with the biggest hoop around the equator, and then progressively smaller ones stacked above and below it to reach the North and South Poles.
Can you think of other ways to visualize the parallels of Latitude? Think about having imaginary horizontal "hula hoops" around the earth, with the biggest hoop around the equator, and then progressively smaller ones stacked above and below it to reach the North and South Poles. Latitude lines are a numerical way to measure how far north or south of the equator a place is located.
The equator is the starting point for measuring latitude--that's why it's marked as 0 degrees latitude. The number of latitude degrees will be larger the further away from the equator the place is located, all the way up to 90 degrees latitude at the poles. They are used to define the East-West position of a location on the planet. They run perpendicular to the Equator and latitude lines. Half of a longitudinal circle is called a Meridian, which is where the term comes from in the name Greenwich Meridian or Prime Meridian.
Contrary to latitude, there is no central longitude line. However, the Prime Meridian or Greenwich Meridian is used as the primary reference point because it is set to 0 degrees longitude. The Prime Meridian separates the east and west hemispheres of the Earth. Because the Earth is essentially a spherical shape, it is considered to have degrees. Therefore, the planet has been divided into longitudes as a form of measurement.
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Any interactives on this page can only be played while you are visiting our website. You cannot download interactives. Students use latitude, longitude, and research on characteristics of different states and regions to solve a puzzle. Students look at lines of latitude and longitude on a world map, predict temperature patterns, and then compare their predictions to actual temperature data on an interactive map.
They discuss how temperatures vary with latitude and the relationship between latitude and general climate patterns.
Join our community of educators and receive the latest information on National Geographic's resources for you and your students. Skip to content. Twitter Facebook Pinterest Google Classroom. Informal Assessment Have students use the outline maps of the United States and the world to identify: states in the U.
Learning Objectives Students will: explain why lines of latitude and longitude might be helpful determine the latitude and longitude of their town and other places in the country find cities with the same latitude and describe their locations find landmarks with the same longitude and describe their locations.
Teaching Approach Learning-for-use.
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